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Thomas D. Rice
Thomas Dartmouth Rice (May 20, 1808 – September 19, 1860) was an American performer and playwright who appropriated African-American vernacular speech, song, and dance to become one of the most popular minstrel show entertainers of his time. He is considered the "father of American minstrelsy".〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Blackface Minstrelsy )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=History of Minstrelsy: From "Jump Jim Crow" to "The Jazz Singer" )〕 His act drew on aspects of African American culture and popularized them with a national, and later international, audience, Rice’s “Jim Crow" persona was an ethnic depiction in accordance with contemporary ideas of African-Americans and their culture. The character was based on a folk trickster named Jim Crow that was long popular among black slaves. Rice also adapted and popularized a traditional slave song called "Jump Jim Crow".
==Biography==
Thomas Dartmouth Rice was born in the lower east side of Manhattan, New York. His family resided in the commercial district near the East River docks. Rice received some formal education in his youth, but ceased in his teenage years when he acquired an apprenticeship with a woodcarver named Dodge. Despite his occupational training, Rice quickly made a career as a performer. By 1827, he was a traveling actor, appearing not only as a stock player in several New York theaters, but also performing on frontier stages in the coastal South and the Ohio River valley. According to a former stage colleague Rice was "tall and wiry, and a great deal on the build of Bob Fitzsimmons, the prizefighter." According to another account he was at least six foot tall.〔''New York Times'', 22 August 1887:'Things At Hand'〕 He frequently told stories of George Washington, whom he claimed had been a friend of his father.〔''New York Times'', May 19, 1907:-'The Lay of the Last of the Old Minstrels;Interesting Reminiscenses''(sic)'' of Isaac Odell, Who Was A Burnt Cork Artist Sixty Years Ago'.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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